Background of the study :
Export diversification involves expanding the range of products and services a country exports to mitigate risks associated with dependence on a narrow range of commodities. In Delta State, Nigeria, economic vulnerability has historically been linked to overreliance on oil exports. Between 2000 and 2020, policymakers have sought to diversify export portfolios by promoting agriculture, manufacturing, and services. This strategy aims to buffer the economy against volatile global oil prices and external shocks (Ifeoma, 2023). Empirical evidence suggests that countries with diversified export bases experience more stable economic growth and lower levels of external vulnerability (Okeke, 2024). In Delta State, initiatives to boost export diversification have included incentives for non-oil sectors, infrastructural development, and trade facilitation measures. However, challenges such as inadequate technology, limited market access, and weak institutional support have hindered progress. This study investigates the effectiveness of these diversification strategies by analyzing export data, economic performance indicators, and stakeholder perspectives. Through a mixed-methods approach, the research aims to identify best practices and policy measures that can further reduce economic vulnerability and enhance sustainable growth in Delta State (Chukwu, 2025).
Statement of the problem
Despite efforts to diversify exports, Delta State remains vulnerable to external economic shocks due to persistent reliance on a limited range of commodities. Barriers such as infrastructural inadequacies, technological gaps, and limited access to global markets have impeded the full realization of export diversification benefits. This overdependence on oil and a few traditional products has exposed the state to significant risks from global market fluctuations. Consequently, the economic stability of Delta State is compromised, and opportunities for sustainable growth in other sectors remain underexploited. There is a need for a comprehensive assessment of export diversification initiatives to understand their impact on reducing economic vulnerability and to identify the obstacles that must be overcome (Ifeoma, 2023).
Objectives of the study:
Research questions:
Research Hypotheses:
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it provides insights into the role of export diversification in mitigating economic vulnerability in Delta State. The research will inform policymakers on the effectiveness of diversification strategies and identify areas for improvement, thereby contributing to a more resilient and diversified economy. The findings will be valuable for strategic planning and sustainable development (Okeke, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to examining export diversification and its impact on economic vulnerability in Delta State only.
Definitions of terms:
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